Collaborative Facade Design with LLM-Based Multi-Agent Systems Using Reclaimed Building Components

Abstract: The potential for material reuse is restricted by the lack of methods for integrating reclaimed materials into facade design workflows. This paper presents a multi-agent pipeline using LLMs to support integrating reclaimed materials into facade design. Tested through a web application in two design modes: a collaborative mode, where human and LLM collaborate, and an independent mode, without human guidance; the users reported the collaborative mode to be more useful. The proposed AI-human collaboration framework improved the tasks of searching for materials, evaluating options, and visualizing design iterations, highlighting the value of AI-driven design frameworks in encouraging reuse in architecture.