Reference framework enabling temporal scalability of object-based synchronization in BIM level 3 systems

Abstract: Model-based collaboration has been identified as one of the key concepts in Building Information Modeling (BIM) to enhance productivity in construction projects. Today’s best practice and international standards demand BIM level 2 which is based on transferring entire (domain) models through file-based exchanges. However, has severe this coarse granularity causes severe limitations regarding concurrency, conflict resolution, and traceability. To overcome these limitations, an increasing number of researchers are investigating incremental model updates. In this paper, we critically assess current applications of BIM level 2 collaboration and summarize strategies for BIM level 3.