An Approach to The Estimation of Digital Twins Technological Components

Abstract: The Digital Twin (DT) concept in the Architecture Engineering Construction and Operation sector is gaining momentum. However, for broader implementation within the sector, there is a need for a standardised method for estimating the cost of DTs. This paper proposes an extension of the UK New Rules of Measurement 2 (NRM2) for estimating the technological components of DT systems based on the desired capabilities. The DT capabilities are identified through the analysis of the theoretical framework, which, combined with the analysis of current industry standards, enables the development of the NRM2 extension, validated through a set of semi-structured interviews.