Interoperability for a Ciruclar Built Environment: Towards a Roadmap

Abstract: Circular built environment relies on reliable, reusable information across life-cycle stages; however, current initiatives remain fragmented. Identifying interoperability as a primary barrier, this paper draws on insights from a multi-stakeholder workshop to present a systemic roadmap. The research consolidates expert perspectives into sequenced, mutually dependent interventions across five domains: shared strategic vision; aligned standards and requirements; organisational and human capability; incentives and value realisation; and integrated system architecture. By clarifying cross-domain dependencies, this framework provides an actionable basis for prioritising pilots, policy mechanisms, and digital infrastructure to scale circular practices beyond isolated demonstrators.